Radiator components:

• Core (network)
• Inlet and outlet collectors (upper and lower tanks)
• Storage tank or expansion source

Hot water enters the upper tank of the radiator through the thermostat between the cylinder wall and from inside the core (network) where the water loses its heat because inside the radiator network, fins and pipes are installed which increase the water contact surface to the contact level. With more air flowing down (bottom tank), cooled water passes through the bottom of the bottom tank and then returns to the engine through the water pump and circulates inside the cylinder. In most radiators, a space for the radiator water to expand and expand is installed in the vicinity of the radiator (such as Peugeot 206, Pride, etc.) or connected to the upper tank (such as Samand, etc.) and the expansion pipe is connected to this tank. When the radiator water heats up, the water expands and enters the expansion tank through the expansion tube, then returns to the radiator when the water cools. Despite the source of expansion, the radiator no longer reduces water (until the radiator has leaked). Without this expansion source, some of the radiator water evaporates and the radiator water must be inspected from time to time.

In other words, it can be said that the hot water of the engine enters the upper tank of the radiator and then enters the pipes in the network. The radiator network creates as much surface as possible against the cool air. Water from inside the number A lot of thin pipe passes through the network and water heat enters the wall of the pipes and then the pipes transfer their heat to the vanes connected to them in the network. The blades in the radiator play the role of increasing the surface and heat transfer. The flow of air (wind) in the network space causes the fins and then the radiator network pipes to cool down, and finally the water inside the network pipes loses its heat when it reaches the bottom tank and the cold water from the bottom tank is pumped to the engine. Enters. Usually in new car engines, a water pump is installed in front of the cylinder block and rotates with a propeller belt. This pump takes the cooled water from the lower tank of the radiator and enters it into the engine cylinder wall. The cylinder wall enters the upper part of the radiator through the thermostat (upper tank). Also, some of this hot water goes to the heater radiator inside the car room and enters the radiator without passing through the thermostat.

water pump:

The water pump is a centrifugal pump and consists of a rotating disk on which blades are installed, which is known as an impeller. It is rotated through a pulley and an intermediate shaft between them. Water flow enters the central part of the impeller, which Under the influence of the centrifugal force, it rises from the center and enters the cylinder wall through the pump outlet.

Becomes. Sealed around the pump so that no water is wasted. When the thermostat restricts the flow of water or coolant to the top of the radiator (top tank) or is completely closed, the impeller only flows water around the engine wall through a side duct.

Fluid inside the radiator:

According to UK standards, pouring a standard amount of 25% by volume of radiator water is usually sufficient to prevent fouling and freezing, but some manufacturers recommend adding 33% of the volume of antifreeze water. This can be explained by the difference in ground temperature. In addition, some antifreeze fluids prevent the cooling system and engine from freezing. They are also anti-fouling and anti-boiling and are recommended to remain in the car radiator all year round. Stay. In cold weather, freezing the radiator water of a stationary car will cause the radiator to burst, because when the water freezes, its volume will increase. It is possible that the water inside the car radiator will freeze while moving and cause it to burst, although the water inside the engine It may be hot because the thermostat does not open at a certain temperature to allow hot water to flow into the radiator, and if the car is moving in cold weather, the water inside the radiator may freeze before the thermostat opens. The basis of what has been said is recommended because the chemical composition of antifreeze, which is ethylene glycol with water, reduces the freezing point of water, and also antifreeze contains a sodium base that prevents rusting of the engine cooling system. Thermal resistance due to rust and scale is effective in heat transfer inside the pipe (heat exchange inside the pipe is reduced). The formation of scale depends on several factors that can be classified from different perspectives. The most important of these factors are as follows. :

• Sediment dirt: The deposition of dissolved materials on the surface of heat exchange.
• Particle Dirt: The deposition of fine solids suspended in a fluid on a heat exchange surface.
• Chemical reaction dirt: Deposition on the heat exchange surface due to chemical reactions in which the exchange surface has no role.
• Dirt Corrosion: The desired surface of heat exchange becomes dirty in a chemical reaction.
• Biological dirt: Adheres to the heat exchange surface of microorganisms or microorganisms and forms microbial sludge.
• Freezing dirt: Freezing of liquid or soluble liquids in the main liquid that have a higher freezing point and its deposition on the surface of heat exchange.

Sediment and dirt formation occurs over time and therefore can be delayed with measures, otherwise it reduces the high percentage of heat exchange capacity.

Radiator cap:

The radiator cap consists of two valves and a sealing washer. This valve is a pressure valve and raises the boiling point and the radiator water does not boil until the valve is lifted. The second valve also allows air and water to enter the expansion source or the outside environment whenever necessary.